Results of non - specific detoxification in people exposed to agent orange / dioxin

Nội dung text: Results of non - specific detoxification in people exposed to agent orange / dioxin

1. Journal of military pharmaco-medicine n 08-2017 RESULTS OF NON-SPECIFIC DETOXIFICATION IN PEOPLE EXPOSED TO AGENT ORANGE/DIOXIN Luong Minh Tuan*; Nguyen Hoang Thanh** Le Ke Son***; Nguyen Dang Dung**** SUMMARY Objectives: To estimate the result of non-specific detoxification in the people exposed to agent orange/dioxin. Subjects and methods: The study included 34 people (23 men, 11 women) who live around the area contaminated with agent orange/dioxin in Danang were found 2.3.7.8-TCDD in blood in the previous studies. Before and after applying the non-specific treatment using the Hubbard method principles, full blood samples were taken and analyzed the dioxin concentration by the gas chromatography high resolusion mass spectrometry in Eurofins Analysing Center. Cell immune index CD3, CD4, CD8 were analyzed by the Hematology Department, Military Hospital 103. Humoral immune index IgA, IgG, IgM were analyzed by the Military Medical - Pharmacertical Reseach Center, Military Medical University. Results: Before treatment, mean dioxin level in blood of the exposed group was 50.47 ± 130.74 pg/g lipid; after the treatment, this indicator decreased down to 39.29 ± 99.93 pg/g; the difference was significant (p < 0.05). The 2.3.7.8-TCDD concentrations and TEQs clearly showed the reduction trend. Concentrations of IgA, IgG and IgM increased significantly: IgA from 281.37 ± 188.74 to 303.86 ± 185.11; IgG from 1103.8 ± 223.5 to 1259.1 ± 286.01; IgM from 121.29 ± 71.35 to 172.59 ± 70.76. Cell immune index: CD3 from 1341.4 ± 454.64 cell/µL to 172.59 ± 70.76 cell/µL; CD4 from 766.59 ± 279.43 cell/µL to 969.85 ± 341.93 cell/µL; CD8 from 443.53 ± 194.22 cell/µL to 555.06 ± 178.39 cell/µL. Conclusions: The Hubbard detoxification method can eliminate dioxins out of the body and improve some immune indexes of people who exposed to agent orange/dioxin./. * Keywords: Dioxins; Detoxification; Immune index. INTRODUCTION and 2.4.5-triclorophenoxyacetic acid, with contaminated dioxin containing TCDD at From 1961 to 1971, the US Army sprayed high rate). about 80 million litrers of herbicide in the Up to now, there is no specific treatment South of Vietnam (there were 48.6 litres for the people exposed to agent orange/dioxin. of agent orange among them - a 50/50 Major methods are to inhibit and cure the mixture of 2.4-diclorophenoxyacetic acid disorders of the body due to dioxins, including * Military Instiute of Preventive Medicine ** 103 Military Hospital *** Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment **** Vietnam Military Medical University Corresponding author: Luong Minh Tuan (luongtuan27@gmail.com) Date received: 10/08/2017 Date accepted: 18/09/2017 215
2. Journal of military pharmaco-medicine n 08-2017 strengthening the immune system, anti- - Steam bath: combined with taking oxidant, protection of liver, natural enzyme vitamins and other nutritions in a designed therapy, multi peptide, vitamin therapy and process, especially olive oil, mineral and physiotherapy [6]. All of these treatments vitamin PP. are non-specific, helping to improve the - Nutrition: ordinary regime with some general constitution for the patients. kinds of fresh vegetable: extra water No research on detoxification associated consumption to redeem sweating. with analysis on dioxins concentration has In addition, the participants slept enough been conducted before, during and after as prescription. The period of detoxification treatment. was from 2 to 3 weeks, depending on Non-specific treatment based on the personal “finishing situation” (according to Hubbard method principles was created the requirement of the program). to promote the process of elimination of Doing gymnastic in the program plays xenobiotic in fat tissue, so that the toxic an important role. It helps strengthening pollutants in the body decrease. In fact, this method can also eliminate other blood circulation to thrust out the toxic contaminated compound. It was applied in chemical which remained in blood. Without many cases over the world and achieved gymnastic, detoxification effect will be poor. good effect. However, we carried out this Olive oil, vitamins help to dilute and to study with a view to: Evaluating the results eliminate dioxins from tissues especially of non-specific detoxification in the people lipid into circulation and excrete them out. exposed to agent orange/dioxin. Vitamin PP (niacin) promote excreting cholesterol so dioxins can be eliminated SUBJECTS AND METHODS with bile, follow the fecal passage [4]. 34 people (23 men, 11 women) living Before and after applying the non-specific around Danang air base, which was treatment followed by the Hubbard method contaminated with agent orange/dioxin principle, full blood sample were taken have 2.3.7.8-TCDD in their blood according for analysis of dioxins concentration by to the previous studies. Study period was the gas chromatography high resolution from September to November, 2012 at mass spectrometry (GC/HR-MS) at Eurofins 103 Hospital, Ha Noi, Vietnam. Analysing Center (Germany). Non-specific detoxification contains the Hematology and biochemistry test were following elements: done at 103 Hospital. - Doing gymnastic running is applied to The data was analyzed by a medical strengthen blood circulation, especially statistic software (Wilcoxon - signed rank peripheral circulation. test and t-student test - SPSS16). 216
3. Journal of military pharmaco-medicine n 08-2017 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Table 1: Distribution of age, sex of study subject. Age Subjects of the study Total Male (n 1 = 23) Female (n 2 = 11) (n = 34) Number Rate (%) Number Rate (%) Number Rate (%) 20 - 40 10 29.4 3 8.8 13 38.2 41 - 60 10 29.4 7 20.6 17 50.0 61 - 80 3 8.8 1 2.9 4 11.8 X ± SD 43.04 ± 12.44 47.55 ± 14.33 44.5 ± 13.04 p > 0.05 Average age of participants ranged from 44.5 ± 13.04. The age group 41 - 60 took the highest rate (50%) and from 61 to 80 took the lowest rate (11.8%). The age and age distribution were not different between male and female groups (p > 0.05). Some people of the subject group were born after the war in the Southern part of Vietnam (20 - 40 years old) and still infiltrated by dioxins. Because of their half-life spent in contaminated areas and exposure with dioxins (about 7 - 11 years), it can be explained why these people have had dioxins in their body [1, 2, 7, 8]. According to Nguyen Hoang Thanh (2010), in the study on 26 veterans who took part in the battles in the Southern part of Vietnam and who now live in uncontaminated sites, nobody has 2.3.7.8-TCDD in their blood although they used to be victims and had 2.3.7.8-TCDD in their body before. This results were consistent with remarks by many scientists that 2.3.7.8-TCDD in Vietnam had only one source from agent orange sprayed during the Ranch Hand campaign [2]. Table 2: Results of biochemistry tests before and after detoxification. Subject of the study (n = 34) Indexes p(1-2) Before (1) After (2) Ure (mmol/L) 4.8 ± 0.84 4.0 ± 0.1.3 > 0.05 Creatinin (µmol/L) 76.33 ± 10.37 82.22 ± 18.33 > 0.05 Protein (g/L) 75.25 ± 5.09 72.23 ± 3.01 > 0.05 Albumin (g/L) 39.18 ± 4.4 41.48 ± 4.27 > 0.05 Acid uric (µmol/L) 308.33 ± 76.64 365.65 ± 74.72 > 0.05 Cholesterol (mmol/L) 5.22 ± 1.2 4.56 ± 1.16 < 0.05 Triglycerid (mmol/L) 1.76 ± 1.02 1.72 ± 2.76 > 0.05 ALT (U/L) 31.72 ± 49.96 35.41 ± 30.73 > 0.05 AST (U/L) 27.18 ± 16.81 30.73 ± 15.68 > 0.05 GGT (U/L) 58.33 ± 68.07 54.53 ± 74.14 > 0.05 217
4. Journal of military pharmaco-medicine n 08-2017 Before and after applying the Hubbard detoxification method, only cholesterol index decreased (p < 0.05). Others showed no change. This may be due to the effect of niacin (its other name is vitamin B3 or vitamin PP), which plays a vital role, present in more than 200 reactions of the body to release power and delivery matters to build cells. Niacin produces 2 coenzymes: nicotinamid adenin dinucleotid (NAD) and nicotinamid adenin dinucleotid phosphate (NADP) with biotin (vitamin H) takes part in analysis of food to valuable active ingredients for the body. They help to decrease bad cholesterol (LDL) and increase good cholesterol (HDL). Table 3: Alteration of hematological indexes after detoxification. Subject of the study (n = 34) Indexes p(1-2) Before (1) After (2) Leukocyte (G/L) 7.76 ± 2.48 8.27 ± 1.87 > 0.05 Erythrocyte (T/L) 4.76 ± 0.69 4.8 ± 0.61 > 0.05 Hemoglobin (g/L) 135.53 ± 0.14.86 133.44 ± 12.39 > 0.05 Platelet (G/l) 229.76 ± 50.28 235.09 ± 58.12 > 0.05 Hematological indexes of study group had no change (p > 0.05). Applying Hubbard method did not make any changes to blood cell in our study. Table 4: Alteration of dioxin concentration after detoxification (pg/g lipid). Study subject (n = 34) Indexes p(1-2) Before (1) After (2) Lipid (pg/g) 0.39 ± 0.14 0.34 ± 0.8 0.019 2.3.7.8-tetra CDD 50.47 ± 130.74 39.29 ± 99.93 0.001 1.2.3.7.8-penta CDD 8.74 ± 7.15 6.90 ± 4.88 0.001 1.2.3.4.7.8-hexa CDD 5.07 ± 3.33 4.14 ± 3.11 0.001 1.2.3.6.7.8-hexa CDD 20.29 ± 14.02 16.42 ± 10.50 0.001 1.2.3.7.8.9-hexa CDD 5.14 ± 3.02 4.02 ± 2.47 0.001 1.2.3.4.6.7.8-hepta CDD 26.21 ± 14.41 23.86 ± 14.33 0.059 Octa CDD 304.36 ± 142.16 275.89 ± 136.19 0.73 Before applying the Hubbard detoxification, the mean concentration of 2.3.7.8-TCDD (pg/g lipid) of exposed group was 50.47 ± 130.74; after the treatment, this index decreased down to 39.29 ± 99.93. The difference was significant (p < 0.05). Some other congeners like 1.2.3.4.6.7.8-hepta CDD; octa CDD changed but not significantly (p > 0.05). 218
5. Journal of military pharmaco-medicine n 08-2017 Table 5: Alteration of CDFs and TEQ after detoxification (pg/g lipid). Study subject (n = 34) Index p(1-2) Before (1) After (2) 2.3.7.8-tetra CDF 0.87 ± 0.64 0.71 ± 0.5 0.011 1.2.3.7.8-penta CDF 1.50 ± 1.13 1.36 ± 0.92 0.0890 2.3.4.7.8-penta CDF 12.68 ± 5.37 10.99 ± 4.90 0.001 1.2.3.4.7.8-hexa CDF 29.46 ± 18.85 26.35 ± 17.31 0.01 12.3.6.7.8-hexa CDF 21.12 ± 15.20 20.35 ± 14.91 0.1 1.2.3.7.8.9-hexa CDF 0.59 ± 0.30 0.49 ± 0.33 0.16 2.3.4.67.8-hexa CDF 1.91 ± 0.75 1.62 ± 0.97 0.35 1.2.3.4.6.7.8-hepta CDF 28.43 ± 16.15 24.45 ± 12.72 0.21 1.2.3.4.7.8.9-hepta CDF 2.24 ± 1.0 1.94 ± 0.97 0.71 Octa CDF 7.26 ± 3.43 5.52 ± 2.25 0.01 WHO (1998)-PCDD/F TEQ excl. LOQ [a] 74.65 ± 134.77 59.65 ± 103.44 0.001 WHO (1998)-PCDD/F TEQ incl. 1/2 LOQ [b] 74.68 ± 134.76 59.69 ± 103.43 0.001 WHO (1998)-PCDD/F TEQ incl. LOQ [c] 74.71 ± 134.75 59.72 ± 103.42 0.001 WHO (2005)-PCDD/F TEQ excl. LOQ [a] 72.11 ± 134.53 57.48 ± 103.17 0.001 WHO (2005)-PCDD/F TEQ incl. 1/2 LOQ [b] 72.14 ± 134.52 57.52 ± 103.16 0.001 WHO (2005)-PCDD/F TEQ incl. LOQ [c] 72.17 ± 134.52 57.57 ± 103.14 0.001 The mean blood concentration of 2.3.7.8-tetra CDF and congeners were 2.3.4.7.8- penta CDF; 1.2.3.4.7.8-hexa CDF; octa CDF of the exposed group significantly decreased after the treatment (p < 0.05). The decreasing trend in TEQ of dioxins concentration was also seen after detoxification. Table 6: Results of humoral immune indexex before and after detoxification. Indexes Before (1) (X ±±± SD) After (2) (X ±±± SD) p IgA (mg/dL) 281.37 ± 188.74 303.86 ± 185.11 < 0.05 IgG (mg/dL) 1103.8 ± 223.5 1259.1 ± 286.01 < 0.01 IgM (mg/dL) 121.29 ± 71.35 172.59 ± 70.76 < 0.05 Concentrations of IgA, IgG and IgM increased significantly after applying the Hubbard detoxification method (p < 0.05). 219
6. Journal of military pharmaco-medicine n 08-2017 Table 7: Results of cell immune indexes before and after detoxification. Indexes Before (1) (X ±±± SD) After (2) (X ±±± SD) p CD3 (cell/µL) 1341.4 ± 454.64 1575.1 ± 441.08 < 0.01 CD4 (cell/µL) 766.59 ± 279.43 969.85 ± 341.93 < 0.01 CD8 (cell/µL) 443.53 ± 194.22 555.06 ± 178.39 < 0.01 After applying detoxification, the indexes estimated the cell immune corresponding strain T lympho including CD3, CD4, CD8 both increase significantly with p < 0.05. Mentioning the immune system of people exposed to dioxin, Phan Thi Phi Phi [2] and some authors agreed that the immune system was affected and the number of T cell decreased fast and clearly, which is suitable for our study. After applying detoxification, the immune indexes increased from low level to the normal level. Detoxification based on the principles of Hubbard program may improve and harmonize elements of immune system. CONCLUSIONS CD4 from 766.59 ± 279.43 to 969.85 ± 341.93 cell/µL; CD8 from 443.53 ± 194.22 Before applying the Hubbard detoxification, cell/µL to 555.06 ± 178.39 cell/µL. the mean blood dioxins concentration of the exposed group was 50.47 ± 130.74 pg/g We primarily recognised that non-specific lipid; after treatment this index decreased detoxification based on the principles of Hubbard program can eliminate dioxins down to 39.29 ± 99.93. The difference from the body and improve some immune was significant (p < 0.05). TEQ also indexes of people exposed to agent decreased significantly. Concentrations of orange/dioxin. other congeners had no significant changes. After detoxification, only cholesterol REFERENCES decreased significantly. Other biochemical 1. Hue N.T, Nam V.D, Thuong N.V, Huyen indexes showed no change. Hematological N.T, Phuong N.T, Hung N.X, Tuan N.H, indexes of study group before and after Son L.K, Minh N.H . Determination of PCDD/Fs in breast milk of women living in the vicinities treatment showed no difference (p > 0.05). of Danang agent orange hot spot (Vietnam) Concentrations of IgA, IgG and IgM and estimation of the infant's daily intake. increased significantly: IgA from 281.37 ± Sci Total Environ. 2014 Sep 1;491-492:212-8. 188.74 to 303.86 ± 185.11; IgG from Doi10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.054..Epub .2014 Mar 6. 2014. 1103.8 ± 223.5 to 1259.1 ± 286.01; 2. Phan Thi Phi Phi et al . The long term IgM from 121.29 ± 71.35 to 172.59 ± 70.76. effect of AO/dioxin on the immune system - Cell immune index: CD3 from 1341.4 ± blood of AO/dioxin chronic expossed people. 454.64 cell/µL to 172.59 ± 70.76 cell/µL; Vietnam - America Scientific Conference on the 220
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